622X-901-01 Rev. B
Electronic document, no scan, very well readable.
Reference Manual
Getting Started
Introduction ... 1-2
Capabilities and features ... 1-2
Organization of manual sections ... 1-2
General information ... 1-3
Warranty information ... 1-3
Contact information ... 1-3
Safety symbols and terms ... 1-3
Unpacking and inspection ... 1-4
Options and
Accessories ... 1-5
User’s manual ... 1-7
Reference manual ... 1-7
Additional references ... 1-7
Front and rear panel familiarization ... 1-7
Front panel summaries ... 1-7
Rear panel summaries ... 1-7
Heat sink and cooling vents ... 1-12
Power-up ... 1-14
Line power connection ... 1-14
Power-up sequence ... 1-15
Beeper and keyclick ... 1-16
Source preset ... 1-17
Disabling the front panel ... 1-17
Menus ... 1-18
CONFIG menus ... 1-18
Direct access menus ... 1-19
Editing controls ... 1-20
Source and compliance editing ... 1-20
Menu navigation ... 1-20
Password ... 1-22
Interface selection ... 1-22
GPIB and language ... 1-23
RS-232 ... 1-23
Ethernet (Model
6221 only) ... 1-23
Error and status messages ... 1-24
Default settings ... 1-24
Front panel setups ... 1-24
Remote operation setups ... 1-25
SCPI programming ... 1-29
Optional command words ... 1-29
Query commands ... 1-29
Output Connections
Output connectors ... 2-2
Triax connector ... 2-2
Ground points ... 2-3
LO and GUARD banana jacks ... 2-3
INTERLOCK ... 2-4
Output configurations ... 2-5
Triax inner shield ... 2-7
Triax output low ... 2-7
Guards ... 2-8
Guard overview ... 2-8
Triax Cable Guard ... 2-9
Banana Jack Guard ... 2-12
Floating the
Current source ... 2-13
Connections to DUT ... 2-15
Supplied triax cable ... 2-15
Basic connections ... 2-15
Shields and guarding ... 2-16
Banana Jack Guard connections ... 2-19
Floating
Current source connections ... 2-19
Using a test fixture ... 2-20
Custom-built test fixture ... 2-20
DC
Current source Operation
Current source output capabilities ... 3-2
Source ranges ... 3-2
Compliance ... 3-3
Output power (source or sink) ... 3-3
Output response ... 3-5
Setting source and compliance ... 3-9
Source and compliance editing ... 3-9
Autorange ... 3-12
Source preset ... 3-12
Sourcing current ... 3-13
Remote programming – source output commands ... 3-15
Sweeps
Overview ... 4-2
Section overview ... 4-2
Sweep overview ... 4-2
Sweep characteristics ... 4-4
Linear staircase sweeps ... 4-4
Logarithmic staircase sweeps ... 4-5
Custom sweeps ... 4-6
Setting sweep parameters ... 4-8
Front panel sweep operation ... 4-10
Using the sweep configuration menu ... 4-10
Performing a linear staircase sweep ... 4-11
Performing a log staircase sweep ... 4-12
Performing a custom sweep ... 4-13
Remote sweep operation ... 4-14
Running a linear staircase sweep ... 4-15
Running a log staircase sweep ... 4-16
Running a custom sweep ... 4-17
SCPI commands — sweeps ... 4-18
Coupled sweep commands ... 4-22
Sweep status model events ... 4-23
5
Delta, Pulse
Delta, and Differential Conductance
Part 1 ... 5-2
Overview ... 5-2
Section overview ... 5-2
Operation overview ... 5-2
Test systems ... 5-4
Keithley instrumentation requirements ... 5-4
System configurations ... 5-4
System connections ... 5-6
DUT test connections ... 5-8
Configuring communications ... 5-10
Arming process ... 5-11
Interlock ... 5-13
Data flow and read commands ... 5-13
Data flow ... 5-13
Read commands ... 5-15
Measurement units ... 5-16
Volts, ohms, power or conductance ... 5-16
Setting measurement units ... 5-17
Display readings ... 5-17
Error and status messages ... 5-18
Part 2 ... 5-20
Delta ...
5-20
Basic measurement process ...
5-20
Model 622x measurement process ...
5-21
Configuration settings ...
5-24
Arming process ...
5-24
Triggering sequence ...
5-25
Operation ...
5-27
Setup commands ...
5-30
Pulse
Delta ...
5-32
Model
6221 measurement process ...
5-32
Pulse
Delta outputs ...
5-35
Configuration settings ...
5-39
Arming process ...
5-42
Triggering sequence ...
5-43
Operation ...
5-44
Setup commands ...
5-49
Differential Conductance ...
5-51
Basic measurement process ...
5-51
Model 622x measurement process ...
5-51
Configuration settings ...
5-55
Arming process ...
5-56
Triggering sequence ...
5-58
Operation ...
5-59
Setup commands ...
5-64
6
Averaging
Filter, Math, and Buffer
Averaging
Filter ... 6-2
Averaging
Filter characteristics ... 6-2
Filter setup and control ... 6-8
Remote programming – Averaging
Filter ... 6-8
Math ... 6-9
mX+b and m/X+b (reciprocal) ... 6-9
Configuring and controlling mX+b and m/X+b ... 6-9
Remote programming – Math ... 6-10
Buffer ... 6-11
Buffer characteristics ... 6-12
Storing readings ... 6-14
Recall ... 6-14
Remote programming – Buffer ... 6-15
Wave Functions /
6221 Only)
Overview ... 7-2
Section overview ... 7-2
Wave function overview ... 7-2
Wave function characteristics ... 7-3
Setting waveform parameters ... 7-4
Amplitude ... 7-5
Ranging ... 7-5
Frequency ... 7-6
Offset ... 7-6
Duty cycle ... 7-7
Amplitude units ... 7-7
Phase marker ... 7-9
Duration ... 7-10
Arbitrary waveforms ... 7-10
Using the external low jitter trigger mode ... 7-10
Front panel wave function operation ... 7-14
Using the wave function menu ... 7-14
Generating a sine wave ... 7-16
Generating a square wave ... 7-17
Generating a ramp waveform ... 7-18
Generating an arbitrary waveform ... 7-19
Using the external trigger mode ... 7-20
Remote wave function operation ... 7-21
Programming sine waves ... 7-22
Programming square waves ... 7-23
Programming ramp waveforms ... 7-24
Programming arbitrary waveforms ... 7-25
Programming an externally triggered waveform ... 7-26
SCPI commands — wave functions ... 7-27
8
Triggering
Trigger models ... 8-2
Front panel trigger model ... 8-2
Remote trigger model ... 8-3
Trigger model operation ... 8-4
Front panel trigger operation ... 8-7
Using the trigger configuration menu ... 8-7
Configuring triggering ... 8-8
Remote trigger operation ... 8-9
Programming triggering ... 8-9
SCPI commands — triggering ... 8-10
External triggering ... 8-13
External trigger connector ... 8-13
Input trigger requirements ... 8-13
Output trigger specifications ... 8-14
External trigger example ... 8-15
9
Limit Test and Digital I/O
Limit test ...
9-2
Overview ...
9-2
Programming limit testing ...
9-2
SCPI commands — limit testing ...
9-3
Digital I/O port ...
9-5
Digital I/O connector ...
9-5
+5V output ...
9-5
SOT line ...
9-6
Simplified schematic ...
9-6
Sink mode — controlling external devices ...
9-6
Source mode — logic control ...
9-8
Setting digital output lines ...
9-8
SCPI commands — force digital I/O pattern ...
9-9
10
Remote Operations
Selecting and configuring an
Interface ... 10-2
Interfaces ... 10-2
Languages ... 10-3
Interface selection and configuration ... 10-3
Programming syntax ... 10-12
Command words ... 10-12
Program messages ... 10-15
Response messages ... 10-17
GPIB
Interface reference ... 10-19
GPIB bus standards ... 10-19
GPIB bus connections ... 10-19
Primary address ... 10-21
General IEEE-488 bus commands ... 10-22
Front panel GPIB operation ... 10-24
RS-232
Interface reference ... 10-25
Sending and receiving data ... 10-25
RS-232 settings ... 10-25
RS-232 connections ... 10-27
Ethernet
Interface reference ... 10-29
Ethernet standards ... 10-29
Typical Ethernet systems ... 10-29
Ethernet connections ... 10-31
Ethernet settings ... 10-33
Using the example
Software ... 10-35
Status Structure
Overview ... 11-2
Clearing registers and queues ... 11-4
Programming and reading registers ... 11-5
Programming enable registers ... 11-5
Reading registers ... 11-6
Status byte and service request (SRQ) ... 11-7
Status byte register ... 11-7
Service request enable register ... 11-8
Serial polling and SRQ ... 11-9
Status byte and service request commands ... 11-9
Status register sets ... 11-10
Register bit descriptions ... 11-10
Queues ... 11-20
Output queue ... 11-20
Error queue ... 11-20
Common Commands
Common commands ... 12-2
DISPlay, FORMat, and SYSTem Key-Press Codes
DISPlay subsystem ...
13-2
FORMat subsystem ...
13-4
FORMat <type>[,<length>] ...
13-4
FORMat:ELEMents <item list> ...
13-7
FORMat:BORDer <name> ...
13-8
SYSTem key-press codes ...
13-9
SYSTem:KEY <NRf> ...
13-9
SCPI Reference Tables
General notes ... 14-2
KI-220 Language
Introduction ... 15-2
Notes: ... 15-3
Performance Verification
Introduction ...
16-2
Test requirements ...
16-3
Environmental conditions ...
16-3
Warm-up period ...
16-3
Line power ...
16-3
Recommended test equipment ...
16-4
Test equipment connections ...
16-4
Calculating test limits ...
16-4
Example limit calculation ...
16-4
Restoring factory defaults ...
16-5
Test summary and considerations ...
16-5
Test summary ...
16-5
Test considerations ...
16-5
Verification procedures ...
16-6
DC current output accuracy ...
16-6
Compliance accuracy ...
16-8
Waveform function accuracy ...
16-9
Calibration
Introduction ... 17-2
Calibration requirements ... 17-3
Environmental conditions ... 17-3
Warm-up period ... 17-3
Line power ... 17-3
Recommended calibration equipment ... 17-4
Calibration equipment connections ... 17-4
Restoring factory defaults ... 17-4
Calibration summary and considerations ... 17-5
Calibration summary ... 17-5
Calibration considerations ... 17-5
Calibration procedures ... 17-5
Front panel calibration ... 17-5
Remote calibration ... 17-14
SCPI commands — calibration ... 17-20
Calibration dates, count, and password ... 17-24
Viewing calibration dates and count ... 17-24
Changing the calibration password ... 17-24
Specifications
Error and Status Messages
Introduction ... B-2
IEEE-488 Bus Overview
Introduction ... C-2
Bus description ... C-3
Bus lines ... C-4
Data lines ... C-5
Bus management lines ... C-5
Handshake lines ... C-5
Bus commands ... C-6
Uniline commands ... C-9
Universal multiline commands ... C-9
Addressed multiline commands ... C-10
Address commands ... C-10
Unaddress commands ... C-11
Common commands ... C-11
SCPI commands ... C-11
Command codes ... C-12
Typical command sequences ... C-12
IEEE command groups ... C-14
Interface function codes ... C-15
IEEE-488 and SCPI Conformance Information
Introduction ... D-2
Applications
Calibration source ... E-2
Resistivity measurements ... E-3
Diode characterization ... E-4
Transistor characterization ... E-5
External user-supplied
Filter ... E-7
Typical
Filter circuits ... E-8
Filter circuit considerations ... E-9
Suggested
Filter circuit components ... E-10
Compliance overshoot prevention ... E-11
Calculating overshoot ... E-11
Effect of compliance setpoint on settling times ... E-12
Preventing compliance overshoot ... E-12
Comments